In the New Testament, the kingdom of God is an order in which human violence and domination must give way to love, freedom, and reconciliation. In other words, the kingdom of God is “anarchy” in the positive sense of freedom from all forms of power and violence. Throughout Christian history there has been a tradition of radical critique of power from the early church to the present. With particular reference to early theology, the book explores what this tradition of theological critique of power means for our understanding of the gospel, political theology, Christian ethics, and the role of the church in society.