This is an updated edition of Whitford's essential upper-level introduction to the German Reformer Martin Luther. One of the most influential and important figures of the second millennium, Luther, by his thought and action, started the Reformation movement. His break with Rome and the development of separate Evangelical churches affected not just the religious life of Europe but also social and political landscapes as well. More books have been written about Luther than nearly any other historical figure. Despite all these books, Luther remains an enigmatic figure. Here, Whitford examines a number of key moments in Luther's life and fundamental theological position that can remain perplexing for many students. This book also presents an introduction to the primary sources available to a student and important secondary works that ought to be consulted.