This book reviews the cellular and non-cellular components of human breast milk and their contribution to infant growth and development. It also discusses various cellular growth factors in breast milk, including stem cells and their significance in promoting optimal growth, immunity and regeneration in neonates and in mitigating several neonatal diseases. Further, the book examines variations in the macronutrient concentrations of human milk in different lactation stages and maternal factors. It also describes the potential of antimicrobial proteins/peptides in human milk to provide innate immunity to infants. Lastly, it explores the regenerative therapeutic applications of breast milk cells in feeding infants.