ITALY AND HER INVADERS PART FIVE FRANKISH INVASIONS. THE FRANKISH EMPIRE A.D. 745-814 THOMAS HODGKIN BOOK VIII. FRANKISH INVASIONS. I. INTRODUCTION. THE MEROVINGIAN KINGS. EARLY FRANKISH HISTORY. II. THE EARLY ARNULFINGS III. PIPPIN OF HERISTAL AND CHARLES MARTEL IV. DUKES OF BAVARIA V. THE GREAT RENUNCIATION VI. THE ANOINTING OF PIPPIN VII. THE DONATION OF CONSTANTINE VIII. THE STRUGGLE FOR THE EXARCHATE IX. THE PONTIFICATE OP PAUL I (757-767). X. A PAPAL CHAOS. XI. THE PONTIFICATE OF STEPHEN III. XII. RAVENNA AND ROME. XIII. THE ACCESSION OF POPE HADRIAN. XIV. END OF THE LOMBARD MONARCHY. BOOK IX THE FRANKISH EMPIRE 774-814 I. THE PONTIFICATE OF HADRIAN I. Frankish and Byzantine Affairs, II. THE PONTIFICATE OF HADRIAN I. Italian Affairs. III. TASSILO OF BAVARIA. IV. TWO COURTS: CONSTANTINOPLE AND AACHEN V. POPE AND EMPEROR. VI. CHARLES AND IRENE. VII. VENICE. VIII. THE FINAL RECOGNITION. IX. CAROLUS MORTUUS. X. THE LIFE OF THE PEOPLE