Indigenous Archaeology in Two Hemispheres: Approaches to Inuit and First Nations Pasts in Canada, Australia and Greenland examines the history and current experiences of Inuit and Australian First Nations peoples in archaeology. The book explores recent work by Australian, Canadian and Greenlandic scholars and community partners in a context marked by globalization. This cross-national interdisciplinary approach enriches the research with Indigenous voices from the Eastern Arctic and Australia, aiding the exploration of the similarities and differences in Inuit and First Nations peoples' historical experiences and the challenges they face currently. Chapters call into question the traditional frameworks that have shaped research on the past of Indigenous people in these regions, frameworks that promote imbalanced power relationships, and endorse a collaborative agenda that rejects the objectification of other worldviews and alterities. The book is organised around four main themes considered: historical approaches; current challenges to Inuit and First Nations archaeology; data sovereignty; and Indigenous perspectives. The book will be of interest to students and researchers in archaeology, anthropology, history, art history, the history of science and cultural heritage management.