"Forty-three years ago the Italian parliament passed a law (law 517 of 1977) that would have boasted Italy for the role of leading country in the area of inclusion. With that choice, Italy accepted to open up to diversity, to embrace it, to work with and for it, questioning the pedagogical community on what were the best practices to face this educational and social challenge. A choice that today bears fruit, in a context where diversity is normal (Canevaro, 2007, Ianes, 2006). A choice that we must defend in the name of all children and their right to education. The present book develops within this framework and is characterized by the desire to give voice to another nuance of diversity, often mistakenly considered as "good difference" and as such, not in need of targeted interventions: the Giftedness."