The two volumes LNCS 9041 and 9042 constitute the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing, CICLing 2015, held in Cairo, Egypt, in April 2015. The total of 95 full papers presented was carefully reviewed and selected from 329 submissions. They were organized in topical sections on grammar formalisms and lexical resources; morphology and chunking; syntax and parsing; anaphora resolution and word sense disambiguation; semantics and dialogue; machine translation and multilingualism; sentiment analysis and emotion detection; opinion mining and social network analysis; natural language generation and text summarization; information retrieval, question answering, and information extraction; text classification; speech processing; and applications.