Cognition-Based Biology (CBB) is a radical restructuring of biological and evolutionary development as a comprehensive alternative narrative to 20th century Neo-Darwinism and its critical deficiencies. Our work substantiates that cells are conscious agents and have been since life's origin. Consequently, biology represents a holistic continuum of intelligent natural learning, propelled by the coordinated interactions among cognitive agents at every scale and extending uninterruptedly for billions of years. This unification is possible because the co-authors are the originators of each of the underlying conceptual facets that will underpin this volume. Consequently, we are able to combine our peer-accepted ideas into a unique synthesis that recasts biological and evolutionary development into a modern frame. By combining multiple  unique biological concepts into a single, comprehensive evolutionary narrative, this book articulates an entirely new approach to biology, which will become the foundational work in the field  in the 21st century.  Biology urgently requires this overhaul.