The continent of Africa is endowed with natural resources in each country. Tapping into these resources provides a great opportunity for African countries to grow and develop. However, this vast wealth of resources cannot be tapped by the African countries because of a lack of capacity and Funds. Oil producing countries in Africa heavily rely on the expertise and resources of Foreign Oil companies to help them exploit the oil. The foreign Oil companies signed contracts with the unsuspecting African countries to help them benefits from their resources. Those contracts are not the same that are signed internationally. They are steeped towards the benefit of the foreign oil companies. This book examines what went wrong and suggest some remedies to maximize the benefits of those national natural resources. Examples are drawn from the study conducted in the Republic of South Sudan's oil sector.