Affective neuroscience is the study of the neural mechanisms underlying emotions. It bridges the disciplines of neuroscience and psychology, exploring how brain structures and functions give rise to emotional experiences and behaviors. Key areas of research include the role of the limbic system, particularly the amygdala, in fear and anxiety, as well as the prefrontal cortex's involvement in regulating emotions. Affective neuroscience utilizes various methods such as neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and animal models to uncover the neural circuits and neurotransmitters involved in emotional processes. This field has significant implications for understanding and treating emotional disorders like depression and anxiety, offering insights into the biological bases of emotions and potential therapeutic targets. This book presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe on the subject of affective neuroscience. The ever growing need of advanced technology is the reason that has fueled research in this field in recent times. This book is a resource guide for experts as well as students.